5. Industrial Protocols

The set of Industrial Protocol modules for Waspmote allows the user to interface with different industrial buses:

Waspmote allows to perform three main applications:

1º- Connect any sensor to an existing industrial bus

Waspmote can be configured to work as a node in the network, inserting sensor data into the industrial bus already present. Waspmote can obtain information from more than 70 sensors currently integrated in the platform by using specific sensor boards (e.g: CO, CO₂, temperature, humidity, acceleration, pH, IR, luminosity, vibration, etc). This way, the sensor information can be read from any industrial device connected to the bus.

2º- Add wireless connectivity to wired buses

Waspmote can be configured to read the information coming from the bus and send it wirelessly using any of the wireless modules available in the platform to a base station or to another node connected to another bus. The available wireless technologies are: WiFi, 3G, GPRS, 802.15.4, ZigBee, Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy, RF-868MHz, RF-900MHz, Sigfox and LoRa.

3º- Connect to the Cloud industrial devices

Waspmote can be configured to read the information coming from the bus and send it wirelessly directly to the Cloud using WiFi, 3G and GPRS radio interfaces.

RS-485

More Info

RS-232

More Info

CAN Bus

More Info

Modbus

More Info

6. Expansion Radio Board

7. Over the Air Programming (OTAP)

Waspmote is intended to be used in large wireless sensor networks deployments where hundreds of nodes are installed in real scenarios. For this reason we have developed Over the Air Programming (OTAP) capabilities in order to make easy the maintenance of the network. OTA allows to upgrade the firmware of the nodes (reprogramming the entire flash memory) by sending the program wirelessly (for example using 802.15.4 or ZigBee).

With OTA you can reprogram a specific node (Unicast mode), several nodes (Multicast mode) or the whole network (Broadcast mode) in just one step.

Read more about Over the Air Programming (OTA)

8. 6LoWPAN / IPv6 Connectivity

Node Types

• End Node: These nodes have sensors integrated and are used to gather the information and send to the GW. They create a mesh network among them, forwarding the packets of other nodes in order to make the information reach the GW. Each End Node is equipped with a 6LoWPAN radio, sensors and a battery.
• Gateway (GW): This node takes the information sent by the End Nodes and send it to the Tunnelling server by using the Ethernet IPv4 interface. Each GW Node is equipped with a 6LoWPAN radio and a Ethernet interface and a battery.

Network Topology

In the diagram below we can see how the Waspmote Mote Runner 6LoWPAN / IPv6 Network works.

1. The sensor nodes uses the 6LoWPAN protocol over the 802.15.4 link layer to create a mesh network which interconnects any device in the network with the Gateway (GW).

2. Once the GW takes the 6LoWPAN packets, it change the IP header to IPv4 while keeping the UDP transport layer

3. Then it sends the information to the IPv4 / IPv6 Tunneling machine which will change header to a the proper IPv6 format and will send the information to IPv6 Servers located on the Internet, where users are connected.

* The GW and the Tunneling Machine are intended to be a single device. Libelium and IBM are currently working on this.

More Info

Buy 6LoWPAN Development Kits

• Waspmote Mote Runner 6LoWPAN 2.4 GHz Networking Kit
• Waspmote Mote Runner 6LoWPAN 868 MHz Networking Kit
• Waspmote Mote Runner 6LoWPAN 2.4 GHz Lab Kit
• Waspmote Mote Runner 6LoWPAN 868 MHz Lab Kit

9. High Capacity Storage

Waspmote implements internally a FAT16 file system which allows it to work with SD cards up to 2GB. To get an idea of the capacity of information that can be stored in a 2GB card, simply divide its size by the average for what a sensor frame in Waspmote usually occupies (approx. 100 Bytes):

10. The Waspmote Enclosure Line: "Plug & Sense!"

10.1 Waspmote VS Waspmote Plug & Sense!

Waspmote is the original line in which developers have a total control over the hardware device. You can physically access to the board and connect new sensors or even embed it in your own products as an electronic sensor device.

The new Waspmote Plug & Sense! line allows developers to forget about electronics and focus on services and applications. Now you can deploy wireless sensor networks in an easy and scalable way ensuring minimum maintenance costs. The new platform consists of a robust waterproof enclosure with specific external sockets to connect the sensors, the solar panel, the antenna and even the USB cable in order to reprogram the node. It has been specially designed to be scalable, easy to deploy and maintain.

10.2 Quick Overview

10.2.1 Features

• Robust waterproof IP65 enclosure
• Add or change a sensor probe in seconds
• Solar powered with internal and external panel options
• Radios available: ZigBee, 802.15.4, WiFi, 868MHz, 900MHz, LoRaWAN, LoRa, Sigfox, 3G/GPRS and Bluetooth Low Energy
• Over the air programming (OTAP) of multiple nodes at once
• Special holders and brackets ready for installation in street lights and building fronts
• Graphical and intuitive programming interface
• External, contactless reset with magnet
• External SIM connector for GPRS or 3G models

Buy now

10.2.2 Sensor Probes

Sensor probes can be easily attached by just screwing them into the bottom sockets. This allows you to add new sensing capabilities to existing networks just in minutes. In the same way, sensor probes may be easily replaced in order to ensure the lowest maintenance cost of the sensor network.

10.2.3 Solar Powered

Battery can be recharged using the internal or external solar panel options.

The external solar panel is mounted on a 45º holder which ensures the maximum performance of each outdoor installation.

For the internal option, the solar panel is embedded on the front of the enclosure, perfect for use where space is a major challenge.

10.2.4 Programming the Nodes

Waspmote Plug & Sense! can be reprogrammed in two ways:

The basic programming is done from the USB port. Just connect the USB to the specific external socket and then to the computer to upload the new firmware.

Over the Air Programming is also possible once the node has been installed. With this technique you can reprogram wirelessly one or more Waspmote sensor nodes at the same time by using a laptop and the Waspmote Gateway.

10.2.5 Radio Interfaces

Model	Protocol	Frequency	txPower	Sensitivity	Range *
XBee-802.15.4-Pro	802.15.4	2.4GHz	100mW	-100dBm	7000m
XBee-ZB-Pro	ZigBee-Pro	2.4GHz	50mW	-102dBm	7000m
XBee-868	RF	868MHz	315mW	-112dBm	12Km
XBee-900	RF	900MHz	50mW	-100dBm	10Km
LoRaWAN	LoRaWAN	868 and 433MHz. 900-915MHz version coming in 2016	14dBm	-136dBm	- km - Typical base station range
LoRa	RF	868 and 900MHz	14dBm	-137dBm	22Km
Sigfox	Sigfox	868MHz	14dBm	-126dBm	- km - Typical base station range
WiFi	802.11b/g	2.4GHz	0dBm - 12dBm	-83dBm	50m-500m
GPRS Pro and GPRS+GPS	-	850MHz/900MHz/ 1800MHz/1900MHz	2W(Class4) 850MHz/900MHz, 1W(Class1) 1800MHz/1900MHz	-109dBm	- Km - Typical carrier range
3G/GPRS	-	Europe version: Dual-band UMTS, tri-band GSM/GPRS/EDGE America/Australia version: Dual-Band: UMTS, quad-Band GSM/GPRS/EDGE	UMTS 0.25 W, GSM 2 W, DCS/PCS 1 W	-106dBm	- Km - Typical carrier range
Bluetooth Low Energy	Bluetooth v.4.0 / Bluetooth Smart	2.4GHz	3dBm	-103dBm	100m

10.2.6 Program in minutes

In order to program the nodes an intuitive graphic interface has been developed. Developers just need to fill a web form in order to obtain the complete source code for the sensor nodes. This means the complete program for an specific application can be generated just in minutes. Check the Code Generator to see how easy it is at:

http://www.libelium.com/development/plug_&_sense/sdk_and_applications/code_generator

10.2.7 Data to the Cloud

The Sensor data gathered by the Waspmote Plug & Sense! nodes is sent to the Cloud by Meshlium , the Gateway router specially designed to connect Waspmote sensor networks to the Internet via Ethernet, WiFi and 3G interfaces.

Thanks to Meshlium’s new feature, the Sensor Parser, now it is easier to receive any frame, parse it and store the data into a local or external Data Base.

10.2.8 Models

There are some defined configurations of Waspmote Plug & Sense! depending on which sensors are going to be used. Waspmote Plug & Sense! configurations allows connecting up to six sensor probes at the same time.

Each model takes a different conditioning circuit to enable the sensor integration. For this reason each model allows to connect just its specific sensors.

This section describes each model configuration in detail, showing the sensors which can be used in each case and how to connect them to Waspmote. In many cases, the sensor sockets accept the connection of more than one sensor probe. See the compatibility table for each model configuration to choose the best probe combination for the application.

10.2.8.1 Smart Environment

Smart Environment model is designed to monitor environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure and some types of gases. The main applications for this Waspmote Plug & Sense! configuration are city pollution measurement, emissions from farms and hatcheries, control of chemical and industrial processes, forest fires, etc. Sensors are calibrated for more accurate measurements. Go to the Applications section in the Libelium website for a complete list of services.

Sensor sockets are configured as shown in the figure below.

Sensor Socket	Sensor probes allowed for each sensor socket
	Parameter	Reference
A	Temperature	9203
	Carbon monoxide - CO	9229
	Methane - CH4	9232
	Ammonia – NH3	9233
	Liquefied Petroleum Gases: H2, CH4, ethanol, isobutene	9234
	Air pollutants 1: C4H10, CH3CH2OH, H2, CO, CH4	9235
	Air pollutants 2: C6H5CH3, H2S, CH3CH2OH, NH3, H2	9236
	Alcohol derivates: CH3CH2OH, H2,C4H10, CO, CH4	9237
B	Humidity	9204
	Atmospheric pressure	9250
C	Carbon dioxide - CO2	9230
D	Nitrogen dioxide - NO2	9238, 9238-B
E	Ozone - O3	9258, 9258-B
	Hydrocarbons - VOC	9201, 9201-B
	Oxygen - O2	9231
F	Carbon monoxide - CO	9229
	Methane - CH4	9232
	Ammonia – NH3	9233
	Liquefied Petroleum Gases: H2, CH4, ethanol, isobutene	9234
	Air pollutants 1: C4H10, CH3CH2OH, H2, CO, CH4	9235
	Air pollutants 2: C6H5CH3, H2S, CH3CH2OH, NH3, H2	9236
	Alcohol derivates: CH3CH2OH, H2,C4H10, CO, CH4	9237

10.2.8.2 Smart Environment PRO

The Smart Environment PRO model has been created as an evolution of Smart Environment. It enables the user to implement pollution, air quality, industrial, environmental or farming projects with high requirements in terms of high accuracy, reliability and measurement range as the sensors come calibrated from factory.

Sensor sockets are configured as shown in the figure below.

Sensor Socket	Sensor probes allowed for each sensor socket
	Parameter	Reference
A,B,C and F	Carbon Monoxide (CO) [Calibrated]	9371-P
	Carbon Dioxide (CO2) [Calibrated]	9372-P
	Oxygen (O2) [Calibrated]	9373-P
	Ozone (O3) [Calibrated]	9374-P
	Nitric Oxide (NO) [Calibrated]	9375-P
	Nitric Dioxide (NO2) [Calibrated]	9376-P
	Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) [Calibrated]	9377-P
	Ammonia (NH3) [Calibrated]	9378-P
	Methane (CH4) and Combustible Gas [Calibrated]	9379-P
	Hydrogen (H2) [Calibrated]	9380-P
	Hydrogen Sulfide (H2) [Calibrated]	9381-P
	Hydrogen Chloride (HCl) [Calibrated]	9382-P
	Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN) [Calibrated]	9383-P
	Phosphine (PH3) [Calibrated]	9384-P
	Ethylene (ETO) [Calibrated]	9385-P
	Chlorine (Cl2) [Calibrated]	9386-P
D	Particle Matter (PM1 / PM2.5 / PM10) - Dust	9387-P
E	Temperature, Humidity and Pressure	9370-P

10.2.8.3 Smart Security

The main applications for this Waspmote Plug & Sense! configuration are perimeter access control, liquid presence detection and doors and windows openings.

Note: The probes attached in this photo could not match the final location. See next table for the correct configuration.

Sensor Socket	Sensor probes allowed for each sensor socket
	Parameter	Reference
A	Temperature + Humidity (Sensirion)	9247
B	Liquid flow	9296, 9297, 9298
C	Presence - PIR	9212
D	Luminosity (LDR)	9205
	Liquid level	9239, 9240, 9242
	Liquid presence	9243, 9295
	Hall effect	9207
E	Luminosity (LDR)	9205
	Liquid level	9239, 9240, 9242
	Liquid presence	9243, 9295
	Hall effect	9207
F	Luminosity (LDR)	9205
	Liquid level	9239, 9240, 9242
	Liquid presence	9243, 9295
	Hall effect	9207

As we see in the figure below, thanks to the directionable probe, the presence sensor probe (PIR) may be placed in different positions. The sensor can be focused directly to the point we want.

10.2.8.4 Smart Water

The Smart Water model has been conceived to facilitate the remote monitoring of the most relevant parameters related to water quality. With this platform you can measure more than 6 parameters, including the most relevant for water control such as dissolved oxygen, oxidation-reduction potential, pH, conductivity and temperature. An extremely accurate turbidity sensor has been integrated as well.

The Smart Water Ions line is complementary for these kinds of projects, enabling the control of concentration of ions like Calcium (Ca ²⁺ ), Fluoride (F ^- ), Fluoroborate (BF ₄ ^- ), Nitrate (NO ₃ ^- ), Bromide (Br ^- ), Chloride (Cl ^- ), Cupric (Cu ²⁺ ), Iodide (I ^- ), Lead (Pb ²⁺ ), Silver (Ag ⁺ ) and pH. Take a look to the Smart Water Ions line in the next section.

Refer to Libelium website for more information.

Sensor sockets are configured as shown in the figure below.

Sensor Socket	Sensor probes allowed for each sensor socket
	Parameter	Reference
B	pH	9328
	Oxidation-Reduction Potential (ORP)	9329
C	pH	9328
	Oxidation-Reduction Potential (ORP)	9329
D	Soil/Water Temperature	9255 (included by default)
	Dissolved Oxygen (DO)	9327
E	Conductivity	9326
F	Turbidity	9353

10.2.8.5 Smart Water Ions

The Smart Water Ions models specialize in the measurement of ions concentration for drinking water quality control, agriculture water monitoring, swimming pools or waste water treatment.

The Smart Water line is complementary for these kinds of projects, enabling the control of parameters like turbidity, conductivity, oxidation-reduction potential and dissolved oxygen. Take a look to the Smart Water line in the previous section. Refer to Libelium website for more information.

There are 2 variants for Smart Water Ions: Single and Double. This is related to the type of ion sensor that each variant can integrate. Next section describes each configuration in detail.

Single

This variant includes a Single Junction Reference Probe, so it can read all the single type ion sensors.

Sensor sockets are configured as shown in the table below.

Sensor Socket	Sensor probes allowed for each sensor socket
	Parameter	Reference
A	Calcium Ion (Ca2+)	9352
	Fluoride Ion (F-)	9353
	Fluoroborate Ion (BF4-)	9354
	Nitrate Ion (NO3-)	9355
	pH (for Smart Water Ions)	9363
B	Calcium Ion (Ca2+)	9352
	Fluoride Ion (F-)	9353
	Fluoroborate Ion (BF4-)	9354
	Nitrate Ion (NO3-)	9355
	pH (for Smart Water Ions)	9363
C	Calcium Ion (Ca2+)	9352
	Fluoride Ion (F-)	9353
	Fluoroborate Ion (BF4-)	9354
	Nitrate Ion (NO3-)	9355
	pH (for Smart Water Ions)	9363
D	Calcium Ion (Ca2+)	9352
	Fluoride Ion (F-)	9353
	Fluoroborate Ion (BF4-)	9354
	Nitrate Ion (NO3-)	9355
	pH (for Smart Water Ions)	9363
E	Single Junction Reference	9350 (included by default)
F	Soil/Water Temperature	9255 (included by default)

Double

This variant includes a Double Junction Reference Probe, so it can read all the double type ion sensors.

Sensor sockets are configured as shown in the table below.

Sensor Socket	Sensor probes allowed for each sensor socket
	Parameter	Reference
A	Bromide Ion (Br-)	9356
	Chloride Ion (Cl-)	9357
	Cupric Ion (Cu2+)	9358
	Iodide Ion (I-)	9360
	Lead Ion (Pb2+)	9361
	Silver Ion (Ag+)	9362
	pH (for Smart Water Ions)	9363
B	Bromide Ion (Br-)	9356
	Chloride Ion (Cl-)	9357
	Cupric Ion (Cu2+)	9358
	Iodide Ion (I-)	9360
	Lead Ion (Pb2+)	9361
	Silver Ion (Ag+)	9362
	pH (for Smart Water Ions)	9363
C	Bromide Ion (Br-)	9356
	Chloride Ion (Cl-)	9357
	Cupric Ion (Cu2+)	9358
	Iodide Ion (I-)	9360
	Lead Ion (Pb2+)	9361
	Silver Ion (Ag+)	9362
	pH (for Smart Water Ions)	9363
D	Bromide Ion (Br-)	9356
	Chloride Ion (Cl-)	9357
	Cupric Ion (Cu2+)	9358
	Iodide Ion (I-)	9360
	Lead Ion (Pb2+)	9361
	Silver Ion (Ag+)	9362
	pH (for Smart Water Ions)	9363
E	Double Junction Reference	9351 (included by default)
F	Soil/Water Temperature	9255 (included by default)

10.2.8.6 Smart Cities

The main applications for this Waspmote Plug & Sense! model are noise maps (monitor in real time the acoustic levels in the streets of a city), air quality, waste management, structural health, smart lighting, etc. Refer to Libelium website for more information.

Sensor sockets are configured as shown in the figure below.

Sensor Socket	Sensor probes allowed for each sensor socket
	Parameter	Reference
A	Temperature	9203
	Soil temperature	86949*
	Ultrasound (distance measurement)	9246
B	Humidity	9204
	Ultrasound (distance measurement)	9246
C	Luminosity (LDR)	9205
D	Noise sensor (dBA)	9259
F	Linear displacement	9319

* Ask Libelium Sales Department for more information.

As we see in the figure below, thanks to the directionable probe, the ultrasound sensor probe may be placed in different positions. The sensor can be focused directly to the point we want to measure.

10.2.8.7 Smart Parking

Smart Parking allows to detect available parking spots by placing the node under the pavement. It works with a magnetic sensor which detects when a vehicle is present or not. Waspmote Plug & Sense! can act as a repeater for a Smart Parking node.

Sensor sockets are no used for this model.

10.2.8.8 Smart Agriculture

The Smart Agriculture models allow to monitor multiple environmental parameters involving a wide range of applications. It has been provided with sensors for air and soil temperature and humidity (Sensirion), solar visible radiation, wind speed and direction, rainfall, atmospheric pressure, etc.

The main applications for this Waspmote Plug & Sense! model are precision agriculture, irrigation systems, greenhouses, weather stations, etc. Refer to Libelium website for more information.

Two variants are possible for this model, normal and PRO. Next section describes each configuration in detail.

Normal

Sensor sockets are configured as shown in the figure below.

Sensor Socket	Sensor probes allowed for each sensor socket
	Parameter	Reference
A	Humidity + Temperature (Sensirion)	9247
B	Atmospheric pressure	9255
C	Soil temperature	86949*
	Soil moisture	9248
D	Weather Station WS-3000 (anemometer + wind vane + pluviometer)	9256
E	Soil moisture	9248
Soil moisture	9248
F	Lear wetness	9249
	Soil moisture	9248

* Ask Libelium Sales Department for more information.

PRO

Sensor sockets are configured as shown in the figure below.

Sensor Socket	Sensor probes allowed for each sensor socket
	Parameter	Reference
A	Humidity + Temperature (Sensirion)	9247
B	Soil temperature	9255
C	Solar radiation	9251, 9257
D	Soil temperature	86949*
	Soil moisture	9248
E	Dendrometers	9252, 9253, 9254
	Soil moisture	9248
F	Lear wetness	9249
	Soil moisture	9248

* Ask Libelium Sales Department for more information.

10.2.8.9 Ambient Control

This model is designed to monitor main environment parameters in an easy way. Only three sensor probes are allowed for this model, as shown in next table.

Sensor sockets are configured as it is shown in figure below.

Sensor Socket	Sensor probes allowed for each sensor socket
	Parameter	Reference
A	Humidity + Temperature (Sensirion)	9247
B	Luminosity (LDR)	9205
C	Luminosity (Luxes accuracy)	9325
D	Not used	-
E	Not used	-
F	Not used	-

As we see in the figure below, thanks to the directionable probe, the Luminosity sensor (Luxes accuracy) probe may be placed in different positions. The sensor can be focused directly to the light source we want to measure.

10.2.8.10 Radiation Control

The main application for this Waspmote Plug & Sense! configuration is to measure radiation levels using a Geiger sensor. For this model, the Geiger tube is already included inside Waspmote, so the user does not have to connect any sensor probe to the enclosure. The rest of the other sensor sockets are not used.

Sensor sockets are not used for this model.

10.3 Buy Plug & Sense!

Contact the Libelium Sales Department to buy Plug & Sense!

11. The Internet Gateway - Meshlium

Meshlium is a Linux router which works as the Gateway of the Waspmote Sensor Networks. It can contain 5 different radio interfaces: WiFi 2.4GHz, WiFi 5GHz, 3G/GPRS, Bluetooth and XBee/LoRa. As well as this, Meshlium can also be solar and battery powered. These features a long with an aluminium IP-65 enclosure allows Meshlium to be placed anywhere outdoor. Meshlium comes with the Manager System, a web application which allows to control quickly and easily the WiFi, XBee, LoRa, Bluetooth and 3G/GPRS configurations a long with the storage options of the sensor data received.

Meshlium Xtreme allows to detect iPhone and Android devices and in general any device which works with WiFi or Bluetooth interfaces. The idea is to be able to measure the amount of people and cars which are present in a certain point at a specific time, allowing the study of the evolution of the traffic congestion of pedestrians and vehicles.

More info: http://www.libelium.com/meshlium

11.1 What can I do with Meshlium?

• Connect your ZigBee network to Internet through Ethernet, WiFi and 3G/GPRS
• Store the sensor data in a local or external data base in just one click!
• Create a WiFi Mesh Network in just two steps!
• Set a WiFi Access point in 1 minute
• Discover Bluetooth users and store their routes

Buy now

11.2 How do they work together?

Meshlium receives the sensor data sent by Waspmote using its wireless radios.

Then 4 possible actions can be performed:

1. Store the sensor data in the Meshlium Local Data Base (MySQL)
2. Store the sensor data in an External Data Base (MySQL)
3. Send the information to the Internet using the Ethernet or WiFi connection
4. Send the information to the Internet using the 3G/GPRS connection

11.2.1 Meshlium Storage Options

• Local Data Base
• External Data Base

11.2.2 Meshlium Connection Options

• XBee / LoRa / GPRS / 3G / WiFi → Ethernet
• XBee / LoRa / GPRS / 3G / WiFi → WiFi
• XBee / LoRa / GPRS / 3G / WiFi → 3G/GPRS

11.2.3 Capturing and storing sensor data in Meshlium from a Waspmote sensor network

When you buy a kit containing Waspmotes, Gateway and Meshlium, the Waspmotes come already configured to send frames to the Gateway. Later, once the user has developed the code for transmitting to Gateway, he can switch to Meshlium.

Meshlium will receive the sensor data sent by Waspmote using the wireless radio and it will store the frames in the Local Data Base. That can be done in an automatic way thanks to the Sensor Parser.

The Sensor Parser is a software system which is able to do the following tasks in an easy and transparent way:

• receive frames from XBee and LoRa (with the Data Frame format)
• receive frames from 3G/GPRS, WiFi and Ethernet via HTTP protocol (Manager System version 3.1.4 and above)
• parse these frames
• store the data in a local Database
• synchronize the local Database with an external Database

Besides, the user can add his own sensors.

The initial frames sent by Waspmote contain the next sequence (API frame characters are removed here):

<=>\0x80\0x03#35689722##7#ACC:80;10;987#IN_TEMP:22.50#BAT:93#

They are formed by the accelerometer values, RTC internal temperature value, and battery level. The MAC address is added and other helpful information.

Meshlium comes with all the radios ready to be used. Just “plug & mesh!”. All the Meshlium nodes come with the WiFi AP ready so that users can connect using their WiFi devices. Connect the Ethernet cable to your network hub, restart Meshlium and it will automatically get an IP from your network using DHCP *.

(*) For the Meshlium Mesh AP and for the Meshlium XBee Mesh AP the Internet connection depends on the GW of the network.

Then access Meshlium through the WiFi connection. First of all search the available access points and connect to “Meshlium”.

No password is needed as the network is public (you can change it later in the WiFi AP Interface options). When you select it, Meshlium will give an IP from the range 10.10.10.10 - 10.10.10.250.

Now you can open your browser and access to the Meshlium Manager System:

• URL: http://10.10.10.1/ManagerSystem
• user: root
• password: libelium

Now we go to the “Sensor Networks” tab.

There are 6 different RF models can be configured:

Depending the kind of XBee model the parameters to be configured may vary.

Complete list:

• Network ID: Also known as PAN ID (Personal Arena Network ID)
• Channel: frequency channel used
• Network Address: 16b address (hex field) - MY
• Node ID: maximum 20 characters (by default “Meshlium”)
• Power level: [0..4] (by default 4)
• Encrypted mode: true/false (by default false)
• Encryption Key: 16 characters maximum
• MAC: 64b hardware address. It is a read only value divided in two parts:
  MAC-high: 32b (hex field) MAC-low: 32b (hex field)

These parameters must be also configured in the Waspmote sensor nodes. Access to all the information related to Waspmote at:

http://www.libelium.com/waspmote

To discover the MAC address of the XBee module just press the “Load MAC” button.

The “Check status” option allows to see if the radio is working properly and if the configuration stored on it matches the values set in the Manager System.

Both process (“Load MAC” and “Check status”) require the capturer daemon to be stopped. This means no frames will be received while executing this actions. Be patient this can take up to 1 minute to finish.

Note: When you buy a Waspmote Developer kit with Meshlium and with the XBee ZB as ZigBee radio both the Waspmote GW and Meshlium come configured as Coordinator of the network. Take into account that only one of them can be working at the same time.

Note: If the encryption check fails but the rest of parameters are OK, it means the radio has an old version of the firmware but it is working perfectly.

• Capturing and storing sensor data

As said before, in a kit containing Waspmotes, Gateway and Meshlium, the Waspmotes come already configured to send frames to the Gateway. Later, once the user has developed the code for transmitting to Gateway, he can switch to Meshlium.

Meshlium will receive the sensor data sent by Waspmote using the wireless radio and it will store the frames in the Local Data Base. That can be done in an automatic way thanks to the Sensor Parser.

The Sensor Parser is a software system which is able to do the following tasks in an easy and transparent way:

• receive frames from XBee and LoRa (with the Data Frame format)
• receive frames from 3G/GPRS, WiFi and Ethernet via HTTP protocol (Manager System version 3.1.4 and above)
• parse these frames
• store the data in local Database
• synchronize the local Database with an external Database

Besides, the user can add his own sensors.

The initial frames sent by Waspmote contain the next sequence (API frame characters are removed here):

<=>\0x80\0x03#35689722##7#ACC:80;10;987#IN_TEMP:22.50#BAT:93#

They are formed by the accelerometer values, RTC internal temperature value, and battery level. The MAC address is added and other helpful information.

In order to add your own sensor frames properly go to the section “Sensors”. All frames captured will be able to stored on Local Database, however the frame has not been defined is stored in the database. See the picture below in order to see different frames types and how they are saved in the database.

In order to work with new sensor information added to the frames go to the “Capturing and Storing new sensor data frames” chapter.

If you change any of the parameters in Waspmote or Meshlium you will have to do it in both platforms so that they still can communicate.

We can perform two different storage options with the frames captured:

• Local Data Base
• External Data Base

You can also send the information received to the Internet using the Ethernet, WiFi and 3G/GPRS interfaces.

Local Data Base

Meshlium has a MySQL data base up and running which is used to store locally the information captured. In the “Local Data Base” tab you can see the connection parameters.

• Database: MeshliumDB
• Table: sensorParser
• IP: localhost / 10.10.10.1 *
• Port: 3306
• User: root
• Password: libelium2007

You can change the password, see the ”Users Manager” section.

(*) Depending on the parameters set in the ”Interfaces” section.

Steps:

1. Set the check box “Store frames in the local data base” and press the “Save” button.

From this time Meshlium will automatically perform Scans and will store the results in the Local Data Base. This process will also continue after restarting Meshlium.

At any time you can see the last “x” records stored. Just set how many insertions you want to see and press the “Show data” button.

External Data Base

Meshlium can also store the information captured in an External Data Base.

Steps:

1. Pressing the “Show sql script” you will get the code needed to create the data base along with the table and the right privileges.

2. Insert this code in your MySQL management application.
3. Fill the Connection Data fields with the information about where the data base is located (IP, Port) and with the authentication options (Database, Table, User, Password).
   This data are stored in /mnt/lib/cfg/sensorExternalDB file.
4. Now press the “Check Connection” button to see if the configuration is correct.

5. Set the check box “Store frames in external database”, you can defined the interval how often to synchronize the local database with external database and press the “Save” button.
   From this time Meshlium will automatically perform Scans and will store the results in the External Data Base each . This process will also continue after restarting Meshlium.
   You can also choose to sync when you want. Just press the “Synchronize Now” button.

At any time you can see the last “x” records stored. Just set how many insertions you want to see and press the “Show data” button.

Show me now!

In the “Show me now!” tab you can see in real time the Scans captured.

You can specify if you want the information to be updated periodically with the defined interval just checking the “Use the Defined Interval” button.

Advanced Database

In the “Advanced” tab you can see information about the state in which they are databases.

It displays information about the Loca and Externall database, showing the following information:

• Local and External Database names
• Local and External Database sizes
• Local and External Tables
• Total Local and External Entries
• Synchronized Local Frames
• Unsynchronized Local Frames

From this tab, you can delete all the information contained in the Local database or Remove synchronized data. Before performing these actions, a confirmation message will be displayed.

Note: Before running these options, it is recommended to have a backup or having synchronized your local database with external database.

In addition can display a log of the date of the last synchronization between the local database and external database was successful.

11.2.4 Capturer logs

Inside “Sensor Networks” exists the section Logs, in this section you can see the last frames received on Meshlium.

First show the “sensor log”, in this logs shows the frames are stored after being processed.

ASCII-35690399-N1-253-198-,STR:XBee frame,BAT:93,IN_TEMP:31.50

Secondly shown “Frame Log”, in this logs shows the frames stored as the arrive to Meshlium.

<=>?#35690399#N1#198#STR:XBee frame#BAT:93#IN_TEMP:31.50#

11.2.5 Sensors

In section “Sensor List”, the user can add new sensors or delete sensors.

By default Meshlium recognize all Libelium official sensors frames. All sensors frames that Meshlium can capture and store must be specified in an XML file.

The file with official sensors of Libelium is localed in /mnt/lib/cfg/parser/sensors.xml

The button “update sensors” update the Libelium official sensor. User sensors remaining unchanged.

Users can add and remove sensors in an easy and simple from ManagerSystem.

To add a new sensor the user must complete the fields:

ASCII ID: sensor id for ASCII frame.

Fields: This field specifies the number of sensor fields sent in the frame. This helps to calculate the frame length.

Type: type of fields

• uint8_t
• int
• float
• string
• ulong
• array(ulong)

Once all fields are filled in, click on the button “Add sensor”

The new user sensors will be added to the new XML file, the file with user sensors is localed in /mnt/lib/cfg/parser/user_sensors.xml

Note: In "Waspmote data frame guide" document is located more extensive information about how to build the frame.

To delete sensor the user must press the garbage can that appears to the left of the description of the sensor. To complete the action should accept a confirmation message.

11.2.6 Sending XBee frames from Meshlium to Waspmote

Meshlium can also send XBee frames to the Waspmote nodes. In order to use this feature you have to stop the “capturing and storing” daemon which is running in the system.

To do so access by SSH to Meshlium and stop the default ZigBee daemon::

$ /etc/init.d/ZigbeeScanD.sh stop

Now you can execute the ZigBeeSend command. There are several ways to send information to a node:

• Using its 802.15.4 MAC address (64b)
• Using its Network address (MY) (16b)
• Performing a broadcast transmission

Sending to Waspmote using its MAC address (64b):

$ ./ZigBeeSend -mac 0013a2004069165d "Hello Waspmote!"

Sending to Waspmote using its Net address (MY - 16b):

$ ./ZigBeeSend -net 1234 "hello Waspmote!"

Send to all the Waspmote devices at the same time - Broadcast mode:

$ ./ZigBeeSend -b "hello everybody!"

The source code "ZigbeeSend.c" and the reception program to be installed in Waspmote can be downloaded from the Meshlium Development section: http://www.libelium.com/development/meshlium

You can download these files and change them in order to get new features and sending options.

Compilation:

The compilation can be done in the same Meshlium. Just copy these files in a folder accessing by SSH and execute:

$ gcc -o ZigBeeSend ZigBeeSend.c -lpthread

Important: If you want to create a "ZigBee sending" daemon that is executed each time Meshlium starts you have to deactivate the "ZigBee Capturer" daemon (/etc/init.d/ZigbeeScanD.sh) as the ZigBee radio has to be used by one process at a time.

You will find support in the Libelium Forum at: http://www.libelium.com/forum

11.2.7 Interacting with 3rd party Cloud platforms

Libelium has partnered with the best Cloud software solution providers to offer you all the necessary components to deploy Internet of Things (IoT), machine-to-machine (M2M) or Smart Cities projects with minimum time-to-market. Meshlium is ready to send sensor data to many Cloud software platforms. Just select the most suitable for you, get an account from the provider and configure your Meshlium. To get a list of the available Cloud platforms, see the section “Cloud Connector” of the Meshlium Technical Guide.

11.2.8 Meshlium Visualizer

Meshlium Visualizer is a plugin which plots graphs and maps with the data stored in the database. It can also export data in common formats. Meshlium Visualizer is a special software feature only available in the Meshlium units included in the IoT Vertical Kits (Smart Cities IoT Vertical Kit, Smart Water IoT Vertical Kit, etc).

Please note that this is a paid service. In every IoT Vertical Kit, each Meshlium comes with 100 visualizations. After 100 visualizations, users can contact Libelium Sales Department if they want to continue using the service.

11.2.8.1 Working with the Visualizer

On the top of the page you can use a simple form to make all your queries. To do so, just follow these steps:

• Select one Plug & Sense! from the list. All Plug & Sense! units with frames in the database will be shown.
• Once a Plug & Sense! Is selected, all its sensors will be loaded. This process is repeated each time you change the selected Plug & Sense!.
• Select the period of time you want to see in the chart. The “Live” option reads directly from the database, while the rest options read from a file generated everyday by the service cron. For each Plug & Sense!, cron generates 4 files each day, one for the last day, other for last 7 days, other for last 15 days and other for the last 30 days.
• Hit on the “Show Data” button and, if your query has results to show, Meshlium Visualizer will show them. The remaining visualization number will decrease in one unit. If the query does not have any results, a message will appear notifying the situation; the available visualizations remain without changes.

If your query has GPS results (data frames with GPS infromation), the “Map” tab will be shown. If it is not the case, like in the previous picture, this tab remains disabled.

The “Data” tab shows a list of sensors values, ordered by time.

The “Export” tab shows two calendars to select the initial and final date. This feature does not take into account the block on the top of the page, it will export all data from all Plug & Sense! units between these dates. Data can be exported in 5 formats (CSV, SQL, XML, TXT & HTML) and compressed in ZIP.

11.3 USB Device Connectivity

The external USB connector lets you connect any USB device to Meshlium. The only limitation is that your device must be supported by a Linux system (obviously you can install its drivers through a repository or uploading the files directly).

In the next example we will connect a webcam and will capture several images which will be accessed from a web page. Obviously the process will vary depending on the camera or USB device we want to integrate.

Important: if you want to place outdoor the Meshlium with the external USB device you have to protect the USB cable in order to make it waterproof. See page 8 in the current manual to see how the Ethernet cable is protected.

Steps:

1. Plug the webcam to the USB port.
2. Wait 10 or 15 seconds.
3. Open prompt and connect Meshlium using ssh command.
4. Mount file system in read/write mode using remountrw command.
5. Execute lsusb command. Thus we will be able identify the device and check that it is well connected. In this example, it is the output:
   Bus 001 Device 003: ID 0ac8:301b Z-Star Microelectronics Corp. ZC0301 Webcam
6. Update the packets list from the repository:
   aptitude update
7. Install the module necessary for the webcam or USB device:
   aptitude install gspca-modules
   Considerations: In exceptional cases, can be necessary recompiling the module.
8. Install the camserv package:
   aptitude install camserv
9. Create “webcam.html” in the directory “/var/www/” with the following content:
   <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN”
“http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd”>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv=”content-type” content=”text/html; charset=iso-8859-1” />
<meta name=”author” content=”libelium@libelium.com” />
<title>Webcam - Test</title>
</head>
<body>
<img src=”http://192.168.1.92:9192” width=”640” height=”480” alt=”Webcam” >
</body>
</html>
10. Mount file system on read only mode using remountro command. The pictures taken with the webcam can be found in http:/”Meshlium_IP”/webcam.html

11.4 Buy Meshlium

Contact the Libelium Sales Department to buy a Meshlium

12. Applications

Get inspired with the document: 50 Sensor Applications for a Smarter World

13. Certifications

Waspmote is certified (radio + electronics) for US (FCC), Europe (CE) and Canada (IC). This makes the platform suitable for deployments in different scenarios like cities, factories, homes, etc.

More information about the Waspmote Certifications

14. Resources

• Waspmote Site
• Waspmote Technical Guides
• Sensor Boards Technical Guides
• Networking Guides
• Plug & Sense! Technical Guides
• Meshlium Technical Guides
• Developers Forum
• Videos
• Articles
• 50 Applications with Waspmote

15. Buy Kits

• Waspmote Starter Kit
• Waspmote Evaluator Kit
• Waspmote Communication Kit
• Waspmote Events Sensor Kit
• Waspmote Gas Sensors Kit
• Waspmote Smart Cities Sensor Kit
• Waspmote Agriculture Sensors Kit
• Buy Meshlilum
• Buy Plug & Sense!

16. Waspmote VS Arduino

Are Waspmote and Arduino platforms compatible?

Waspmote uses the same IDE (compiler and core libraries) than Arduino. For this reason the same code is compatible in both platforms just adjusting small things like the pinout and the I/O scheme. We love the fast learning curve of Arduino and for this reason we tried to make a platform compatible with it. The idea is an Arduino user may work with Waspmote in a transparent and easy way (as the source code will be the same the learning curve does not exists).

Then, are Waspmote and Arduino competence?

Definitely no. Arduino is a really nice platform to learn how to use electronics and intended to make cheap "home projects" while Waspmote is a device specially designed to create wireless sensor networks which need long lifetime and are meant to be deployed in a real scenario like a city.

I just want to "play" with Waspmote, isn't it cheaper using Arduino?

The answer is, what do you want to do exactly? Waspmote is a very compact board including all needed for creating wireless sensor networks: wireless communications, RTC clock to allow scheduling interruptions, uSD to store data from sensors, 3-axis accelerometer (very useful for detecting falling nodes and as a sensor by itself) and of course, a battery and solar socket with charger regulator for making the node completely autonomous. You can find below a chart comparing Arduino and Waspmote features according to Cooking Hacks prices, so you can see how much does it cost adding those features separately to Arduino. We just want you to get the most appropriate device for your project!

	Arduino UNO	Arduino Mega 2560	Waspmote
Board	22,00 €	41,00 €	155,00 €
Arduino Xbee 802.15.4 + 2dBi antenna	45,00 €	45,00 €
Triple axis accelerometer	7,75 €	7,75 €
On Board Programmable LED + ON/OFF Switch	1,00 €	1,00 €
RTC DS3234 + Button Battery	16,00 €	16,00 €
uSD Adaptor	20,00 €	20,00 €
Solar Panel Socket	47,00 €	47,00 €
6600mAh Battery			30,00 €
Total	158,75 €	177,75 €	185,00 €

Is Waspmote open source?

Yes. All the source code libraries are released under the LGPL license so developers may choose if the programs they do are released as open source or not.

Are Waspmote and Arduino FCC and CE certified? What are the differences?

Both Waspmote and Arduino "core" boards have the FCC and CE certifications, however in order to use the platform with a communication module (ZigBee, Wifi, 3G,...) a Radio Certification is needed. This is the main difference among Waspmote and Arduino certifications. Waspmote has Radio Certifications for all the possible combinations of the communication modules (802.15.4, ZigBee, 3G, ZigBee + 3G,...), and Arduino doesn't.

Comparative Tables - Waspmote VS Arduino

Memory and Microcontroller

Model	Microcontroller	Frequency	RAM	EEPROM	FLASH	External Storage (SD card)
Arduino	ATMega328	16MHz	2KB	1KB	32KB	-
Arduino Mega	ATMega2560	16MHz	8KB	4KB	256KB	-
Waspmote	ATMega1281	14MHz	8KB	4KB	128KB	2GB

I/O & Buses

Model	Analog In	Digital I/O	UART's	SPI	I2C	PWM	USB
Arduino	6	8	1	Yes	Yes	6	Yes
Arduino Mega	16	54	4	Yes	Yes	15	Yes
Waspmote	7	8	2	Yes	Yes	1	Yes

Consumption

Model	Consumption ON	Sleep mode	Consumption Sleep mode	Hibernate mode	Consumption Hibernate mode
Arduino	50mA	No	-	No	-
Arduino Mega	50mA	No	-	No	-
Waspmote	15mA	Yes	55µA	Yes	0.7µA

Commercial, License and Legal Issues

Model	IDE	Libraries	Electronic Certifications	Radio Certifications*
Arduino	GPL	LGPL	CE, FCC	-
Arduino Mega	GPL	LGPL	CE, FCC	-
Waspmote	GPL	LGPL	CE, FCC, IC	CE, FCC, IC

* Waspmote is Radio Certified for all the possible combinations of the communication modules (802.15.4, ZigBee, 3G...).